조현형 성격 성향을 가진 대학생의 현실 모니터링 오류와 사회적 적응에 관한 연구

Abstract

This study investigated deficits of reality monitoring abilities in college students with schizotypal traits using a modified version of reality monitoring task. Based on the scores of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), the control (n=26) and the schizotypal-trait groups (n=25) were selected. The reality monitoring task is designed to measure the ability of reality monitoring and consisted of two phases. The encoding phase consisted of two conditions (viewed condition and imagined condition). Participants were instructed to view the picture or imagine action related to the sentence. Approximately 40 minutes after finishing the encoding phase, the monitoring phase started. In the monitoring phase, the participants were presented with the sentences from the encoding phase (60 sentences) and 30 new sentences. Participants had to decide whether a given sentence was previously presented with a viewed condition or imagined condition or if the new. The results of this study showed that the schizotypal-trait group exhibited significantly lower total accuracy rates and longer reaction times than the control group. In addition, There was no difference between the groups for the recognition condition, but the schizotypal-trait group showed significantly lower accuracy rates in the viewed condition and the imagined condition than the control group. The schizotypal-trait group showed difficulties in retrieving the source of memory information. Especially, the schizotypal-trait group displayed poor performance in identifying the origin of internally generated information compared to the control group, and showed that misattributed internally generated information to external sources. A significant negative correlation was found between SPQ and reality monitoring accuracy rates, social functioning scores. Furthermore, reality monitoring performance and social functioning scores showed significantly positive correlation. Therefore, this study suggests that schizotypal-trait group have deficits of reality monitoring, and its association with poor social adaptation.