인도 힌두 문화의 헤어스타일 연구

Abstract

Hindu culture takes up a large part of modern culture. A lot of Hindu gods' appearances are related to real ancestors'and they are a part of history as well. This study which was stared to find various appearances of personified Hindu gods putaim on understanding symbol of Hindu culture which is background of modern Hindu culture through the figures of Hindu gods and showing image of ancient Indian hairstyle. Not only proffering motives to modern hairstyle design through the study of Hindu gods' hairstyle then finding Hindu image but also presenting developmental ability of modern beauty art. The methods and contents of this study wereresearch on historical background and culture of India to historical consideration of Indian nation and society as well as proper understanding of Indian myth by books of ethnology, and six main gods of Hindu culture by antique books and collections of descriptions. Likewise studying about mythological functions through the figures of the gods which were reflected Hindu mythand classifying hairstyles and roles of the gods as well. At the same time it was presented hairstyle of the gods by synchronism. In brief, the conclusions of the study are as follow. First, I could know that Hindu gods' characters represented symbolof Hindu thought. Second, among the gods'hairstyle, ancient Hindu sculptures which were between 2^(nd) century to 6^(th) century were shown Buddha's hairstyle, full lips, heavy-eyed, thin eyebrow as a line and a crown like a tall stone tower under the influence of Buddhism. Third, among the gods' hairstyle, male gods had a beard in between 15th century to 19th century Hindu pictures under the influence of Islam. On the other hand, goddess was emphasized femininity by long undone hair. Clear distinction of sex seemed that the roles of Hindu men (or army) were held in high repute because of wanting to get out of Islamic influence. Fourth, because the gods were changed a lot with a history, it was not easy to distinguish the gods by a hairstyle but it could be distinguished by symbol that each god kept in common with each other In this study, six main gods'hairstyle and symbolic factors are as follow. 1) The god, Brahma, generally has more than 3 heads. Brahma's representative coloris red. Brahma is represented form of riding on a goose or a swan. 2) The goddess, Saraswati, parts her long straight hair in the middle. She is shown that she is wearing white dress and holding a vina. She is sitting in a swan as well and she is described that she is wearing round flower earring in part. 3) The god, Visnu, has short black hair and sideburns. He is wearing gold dress and holding a trumpet, a disk, an iron hammer and a lotus flower in his four hands, and he has 'V' mark on his forehead. He is shaped that he is lying on a snake or a riding a garuda in part. When he makes an appearance of Lama and Krsna incarnates, he has blue body. 4) The goddess, Lakshmi, parts her long hair in the middle. Her symbolic color is red and she is symbolized a white elephant and a lotus flower. She is described that she is wearing gold accessoriesand pouring out gold coins in part. 5) The god, Shiva, is symbolized that she has dishevelled long hair and tied a topknot in the middle of her head. She has three light gray line and vertically drawn third eye on her forehead. The crescent is hanging over her head and she is holding a trident for a weapon. She is expressed that she does yoga or is riding on a bull in part. 6) The god, Parvati, has covered hairstyle by veil. She is symbolized that she has a plump and voluptuous body and is wearing bare-bosomed clothes as the god of mother. Nowadays Hindu culture is becoming an important motive in a field of art and is being re-illuminated by many designers but it is misunderstood that it is difficult to approach due to cultural prejudice. I would like to find real Hindu image and provide new design image to beauty designers through an inquiry into symbolism of Hindu gods and culture.