예비 가족창업자의 창업특성에 관한 연구

Abstract

This research on characteristics of entrepreneurship for pre family entrepreneurs aims to be groundwork for development of entrepreneurship program, by understanding the differences between motivations, type of family involvement, family related characteristics and preference of entrepreneurship education according to social and demographical aspects, such as sex, age, level of education, family income and marriage status. Recently entrepreneurship is one of the most spotlighted types of jobs in our society. The reason is that it has no age limits for retirement and we can choose types of jobs ourselves as we wish. Especially, family entrepreneurship among other entrepreneurships has more meanings due to reliability between family members. Nevertheless there are numerous public and private institutions only running education programs for general entrepreneurship. Therefore this research understands the necessity of adequate programs for family entrepreneurship and focuses on analyses of its characteristics. The target of this research was total 383 individuals, excluding 47 problematic individuals, living in Seoul and Kyung-gi province regardless of age. In order to analyze the collected data, various statistical methods such as frequency, percentage, ANOVA, and Duncan`s multiple range test & Crosstabs has been used. The followings are the major results of the survey: First, the most meaningful reasons of family entrepreneurship were the possibility of working at home or of having hobby and spare time in sex. Also the possibilities of preparedness after retirement, of working at home or of witnessing successful families are shown as reasons in marriage status. Among motivations of entrepreneurship, women desire entrepreneurship for having hobby and spare time and especially prefer to work at home due to education of their children. Second, for family members of starting the business together, starting with partner marked high percentage in all social and demographical characteristics, and especially it marked the highest in sex and marriage status. Men in sex, 40s in age, the graduates under middle school in level of education, people with income between 3,110,000 to 4,500,000 won, or married people in marriage status highly desire to start entrepreneurship with partner. Third, in characteristics in relation to family, women in comparison to men made decision to start business when there is enough family support. In age, it can be seen that the people in the age of 50`s or over obtain more family support for starting the business and the people in the age of 40`s require more support from family members. Also the higher people are educated the less support they require from family. The group of single people in comparison to married people is more affected by the types of jobs family members have. Fourth, in the characteristics in relation to establishing entrepreneurship, men, people with income between 3,110,000 to 4,500,000 won or low educated people preferred restaurant and hotel business. Single women or people with income over 4,510,000 won preferred service business, and people in the age of 30`s or people with income over 4,510,000 won preferred internet related business. Married people or men desired to start venture business of new technology, and college graduates, people in the age of 30’s, single people or people with income between 2,500,000 to 3,100,000 won preferred two jobs. Graduates under middle school or people in the age of 30`s show close relationship between entrepreneurship and their latest job. It can also be seen that people in the age of 40`s and men expect higher entrepreneurial cost. Fifth, in the preference of entrepreneurial education, university graduates or people in the age of 30’s obtained the information of starting business from internet web site. Women or graduates under middle school obtained the information from their family or friends, and single women obtained it from TV or radio. The people in the age of 30’s desired to learn about financial management and people in the age of 50’s or over desired to learn about developing business idea. University graduates desire to learn market research and people in the age of 20’s or people with over 4,510,000 won income desired to have education about marketing. Graduate School graduates or over marked high percentage in the participation of entrepreneurial education. Based on the survey, this research attempts to contribute to the development of education programs specifically suitable for pre family entrepreneurship by understanding the five entrepreneurial characteristics based on social & demographical characteristics.