여대생의 여드름피부와 예민피부의 유·수분 및 pH, 탄력도 비교연구

Abstract

본 연구는 20대 여대생의 안면 부위별 수분량, 유분량 및 pH, 탄력도를 측정함으로써 안면부위별 수분량, 유분량, pH, 탄력도를 비교하고 여드름 피부와 예민피부의 수분량, 유분량 및 pH, 탄력도를 정상피부와 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 여드름 피부, 예민피부와 정상피부의 차이점을 파악하고 문제성 피부를 정상피부로 관리하는데 있어 올바른 지표로 삼고자 한다. 조사대상자는 경기도 소재의 모 대학 여자대학생 138명을 대상으로 2008년 9월 1일부터 9월 10일까지 10일동안 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 연구대상자 중 문진, 견진, 촉진을 이용한 피부분석을 통해 대상자로써 부적합한 50명을 제외한 예민피부군 22명, 여드름피부군 23명, 여드름·예민 혼합피부군 24명, 정상피부군 19명, 총 88명을 대상자로 하였다. 또한 여드름피부군은 여드름정도에 따라 4군으로, 예민군은 예민정도에 따라 2군으로 분류하였다. 비침습적 방법을 이용한 피부표면 수분측정은 Corneometer CM 825, 피부표면 유분측정은 Sebummeter SM 810을 사용하였고, pH측정은 pH900, 탄력도 측정은 Dermal USB를 이용하여 측정부위 흡입과 흡입시간의 지속에 따른 피부 변화와 복원력을 수치로 나타내었다. 안면 부위의 유·수분과 pH는 이마, 눈 밑, 코, 볼, 턱의 5부위를 각각 측정하였으며, 탄력도는 볼의 1부위를 측정하는 방법으로 자료를 수집하였다. 첫째. 여드름피부, 예민피부, 혼합피부, 정상피부의 피부유형별 피부관리태도, 자가판단피부상태 분석결과 ‘상담 후 화장품 사용여부’에서 혼합피부군이 41.7%로 다른 피부군에 비해 가장 높았으며, ‘피부에 대해 도움을 구하고 싶은 곳’에서 혼합피부군의 75%가 ‘병원’이라고 응답한 반면 정상피부군 63.2%, 여드름피부군 52.2%, 예민피부군 50%는 ‘전문피부관리실을 이용한다’라고 응답해 뚜렷한 차이를 보였으며. 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 자가 판단 피부상태에서 혼합피부군>여드름피부군>예민피부군>정상피부군 순으로 자신의 피부가 ‘나쁜편’이라고 생각하는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 혼합피부군의 50%(12명)가 ‘나쁜편’이라고 생각했다(p<0.001). 예민여부는 정상피부군 42.1%(8명)가 자신이 ‘예민하다’라고 응답해 정상피부임에도 ‘예민하다’라고 생각하는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 탄력정도는 정상피부군>여드름피부군>혼합피부군>예민피부군 순으로 ‘좋은 편이다’라고 응답했으며, 각 군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 수분상태는 예민피부군>혼합피부군>여드름피부군>정상피부 순으로 ‘나쁜 편’라고 응답해 예민피부에서 가장 높았고 정상피부임에도 21.1%가 ‘나쁜 편’라고 생각하는 것으로 나타났으며, 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 둘째. 전체 연구대상자의 안면부위별, 피부유형별 유·수분, pH, 탄력도의 비교결과 안면부위별 유분도는 코>이마>턱>볼>눈 밑 순으로 코부위에서 가장 높게, 눈 밑이 가장 낮게 나타났으며, 수분도는 눈 밑>볼>이마>턱>코 순으로 눈 밑이 가장 높게 코부위가 가장 낮게 나타났다(p<0.001). 피부유형별 유·수분, pH, 탄력도는 유분도에서 여드름·예민 혼합피부군>여드름피부군>정상피부군>예민피부군의 순으로 여드름·예민 혼합피부군이 높게 나타났으며, 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 수분도에서는 정상피부군>여드름피부군>여드름·예민 혼합피부군>예민피부군의 순으로 예민피부군이 가장 낮게 나타났으며, 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). pH는 유의한 차이는 없었으나 5.27±0.50에서 5.41±0.50로 모두 정상범주에 속하였다. 셋째. 예민피부군과 정상피부군의 비교에서 정상피부군은 수분도와 탄력도에서 예민피부군에 비해 각각 높게 나타났으며, 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01), (p<0.05). 여드름·예민 혼합피부군과 정상피부군의 비교에서 유분도는 여드름·예민 혼합피부군이 높게, 수분도는 정상피부군이 높게 나타났으며, 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 여드름피부군과 예민피부군의 비교에서 유분도는 여드름군이 높게 나타나 유의한 차이가 있었으며(p<0.01), 수분도와 pH, 탄력도는 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 넷째. 여드름피부의 등급별 유·수분, pH, 탄력도 비교는 유분도에서 Grade3>Grade2>Grade1 순으로 나타나 Grade3에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, (p<0.01), 수분도와 pH, 탄력도는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 다섯째. 예민피부의 정도에 따른 유·수분, pH, 탄력도 비교는 예민 정도간에 유의한 차이가 없었다.|In order to compare normal skins with pimply and sensitive ones, the water content, the sebum content, pH and elasticity were measured according to the facial regions of female students in their twenties. The results are expected to clarify the differences among skin types, and to be the guidelines for solving skin problems. This study was performed on 138 female students at a certain university located in Gyeonggi Province in Korea from the 1st day until the 10th day of September, 2008 (10 days). As a result of an inquiry, a macroscopic observation and a palpation, 50 subjects were excluded from this study but 88 ones were classified into 4 groups according to skin types, that is, the subjects having sensitive skin (the sensitive group), the ones having pimply skins (the pimply group), the ones having pimply and sensitive skins (the mixed group) and the ones having normal skins (the normal group). The four groups were composed of 22, 23, 24 and 19 subjects respectively, in the order named. Also, the pimply group was again classified into 3 grades and the sensitive group was again classified into 2 grades according to skin conditions. In order to noninvasively measure the moisture of the skin surface, Corneometer CM825 was used. Also, Sebummeter SM810, pH900 and Dermal USB were used to measure sebum, pH and elasticity. Sebum, moisture and pH were measured at 5 regions the forehead, the region beneath the eye, the nose, the cheek and the chin respectively. In case of skin elasticity, strain and restoring force were measured when the regions to be measured were sucked in, with relation to sucking force and time. Skin elasticity was measured at the cheek. First, the attitude to skincare and the results of autodiagnosis were analyzed according to skin types. To the question "I will use cosmetics after consulting a specialist" 41.7% of the mixed group answered in the affirmative. To the question "From what do you want to get help?" 75% of the mixed group made mention of ‘Hospital’. On the other hand, 63.2% of the normal group, 52.2% of the pimply one and 50% of the sensitive one selected the answer "I use a skincare shop." In result, there was a significant difference between the mixed group and other groups (p<0.05). In the number of subjects who regard their skin conditions as bad, the mixed group was first, followed by the pimply one, the sensitive one and the normal one. In particular, 50% (12) of the mixed group thought that their skins are bad conditions (p<0.001). In the matter of sensitivity, 42.1% (8) of the normal group answered that they have sensitive skins though they have normal skins (p<0.01). In the number of subjects who regard their skins as elastic, the normal group was first, followed by the pimply one, the mixed one and the sensitive one. However, significant differences were not observed. In the matter of moisture, 50% (11) of the sensitive group, 45.8% (11) of the mixed group, 30.47% (7) of the pimply group and 21.1% (4) of the normal group answered that their skins are not so moist. To be specific, the sensitive group indicated the highest percentage but 21.1% of the normal group answered in the negative though their skins are moist. In result, a significance was observed (p<0.05). Second, the sebum content, the water content, pH and elasticity were measured according to facial regions and skin types. With regard to the sebum content measured according to facial regions, the nose indicated the highest value, followed by the forehead, the chin, the cheek and the region beneath the eye. With regard to the water content, the region beneath the eye indicated the highest value, followed by the cheek, the forehead, the chin and the nose (p<0.001). In respect to the sebum content measured according to skin types, the mixed group indicated the highest value, followed by the pimply one, the normal one and the sensitive one, and a significant difference was observed (p<0.01). In respect to the water content, the normal group indicated the highest value, followed by the pimply one, the mixed one and the sensitive one, and a significant difference was observed (p<0.01). There was a significant difference in pH, but they were all in normal range (5.27±0.50~5.41±0.50). Third, as regards the water content and elasticity, the normal group indicated a higher value than the sensitive one (p<0.01; p<0.05). As regards the sebum content, the mixed group indicated a higher value than the normal one (p<0.01) and also the value of the pimply one was higher than that of the sensitive one (p<0.01). But in the water content, pH and elasticity, there were significant differences between two groups. Forth, the 3grades of the pimply group were compared with each other according to the sebum content, the water content, pH and elasticity. In case of the sebum content, Grade 3 was first, followed by Grade 2 and Grade 1 (p<0.01). In the water content, pH and elasticity, however, there were no significant differences. Lastly, in the case of the sensitive group, there were no significant differences in every factor. In the degree of acnes, Grade 3 was first, followed by Grade 2 and Grade 1. In the degree of sensitivity, moderate sensitivity was higher than mild sensitivity but a significant difference was not observed.