아로마마사지요법이 산후비만에 미치는 효과

Abstract

본 연구는 출산 후 6개월 미만의 여성을 대상으로 아로마마사지요법을 적용하여 신체계측, 신체조성 및 산후부종에 미치는 영향을 규명함으로서 산후비만 여성에게 적용할 수 있는 효과적인 산후비만관리 프로그램을 개발하는데 필요한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 시도되었다. 연구대상자는 서울시에 거주하는 산후 6개월 미만의 산모들을 실험군 10명, 대조군 8명, 총 18명을 대상으로 주 3회 4주 총12회에 걸쳐 산후비만관리 프로그램을 실시하였다. 이 연구의 프로그램은 실험군 10명에게 아로마마사지요법, 식이요법과 운동요법을 실시하였고 대조군 8명에게는 식이요법과 운동요법을 실시하였다. 이때 사용된 마사지 오일은 비만에 효과적인 아로마 에센셜 오일(펜넬, 쥬니퍼, 그레이프프루트)을 캐리어 오일인 그레이프씨드와 블랜딩하여 1회 30ml를 사용하여 복부와 다리에 시술하였다. 운동요법은 체중감량에 효과를 높이기 위해 스트레칭과 복부운동을 매일 시행하도록 하였으며 운동 수행은 운동일지에 기록하도록 하였다. 또한 식이요법은 올바른 식습관의 중요성 및 균형 잡힌 열량제한식이요법을 위해 실험군과 대조군 18명 모두에게 식이교육을 2회 실시하였으며, 실험 전ㆍ후 식습관 조사를 실시하였다. 실험을 통하여 얻어진 자료의 통계적 분석처리는 SPSS(Statistical packa- ge for the Social Science)ver 12.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다.

본 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 실험 후 식이요법과 운동요법에 마사지요법을 추가로 실시한 실험군과 식이요법과 운동요법만을 실시한 대조군의 허리둘레가 각각 9.74cm, 4.05cm 유의하게 감소하였으며(p<0.001) 엉덩이 둘레가 각각 3.45cm, 2.09 cm 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.01, p<0.001). WHR은 각각 0.07%, 0.02% 유의하게 감소하였으며(p<0.01, p<0.001), 대퇴부 둘레가 각각 2.16cm, 1.38cm 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.01, p<0.001). 실험군과 대조군의 신체계측치의 변화량 비교결과는 허리둘레, WHR, 대퇴부둘레에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이로(p<0.05, p<0.001) 실험군이 많이 감소하였으며 엉덩이 둘레는 유의한 차이가 없었다.

둘째, 실험 후 실험군과 대조군의 체중 감소는 각각 3.47kg, 2.36kg, BMI 감소는 각각 1.35kg/㎡, 0.90kg/㎡, 체지방율의 감소는 각각 2.22%, 1.74%로 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.001). 체수분율은 각각 2.28%, 1.39% 유의하게 증가하였으며(p<0.01, p< 0.001), 제지방량은 각각 0.13kg, 0.05kg 증가하였으나 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 실험군과 대조군의 신체조성치의 변화량 비교결과는 체중과 BMI에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이로(p<0.05, p<0.01) 실험군이 많이 감소하였으며 체지방율, 체수분율, 제지방량은 유의한 차이가 없었다.

셋째, 산모의 주관적 산후부종의 수치는 실험 후 실험군 6.11에서 3.00으로 대조군 5.88에서 4.25로 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였으며(p<0.001), 식이와 운동요법을 병행한 대조군에 비해 아로마마사지를 추가로 한 실험군이 통계적으로 유의하게 많이 감소하였다(p<0.05).

본 연구결과, 산후비만관리에서 식이와 운동요법만을 병행하였을 때보다 식이요법과 운동요법에 아로마마사지요법을 추가로 실시했을 때 체중, 허리둘레, 대퇴부둘레, WHR, BMI 감소에 더욱 영향을 미쳐 산후비만관리에 효과적이며, 단순히 출산 후 여성의 외적인 아름다운을 위한 체중감소뿐 아니라 더 나아가 평생 산모의 체형과 건강에 중요한 영향을 줄 수 있는 산후비만을 해소함으로서 비만관련 질병의 예방에도 효과적인 관리방법이라고 결론을 내릴 수 있다. 따라서 산후비만관리 방법으로 아로마마사지요법을 활용할 것을 제안한다.

| This study was attempted to offer a preliminary data in order to develop effective management program of a postpartum obesity. The subject of this investigation is eighteen women delivered of a child in less than six month before, and the objective is to conduct a study on the effect of physical measurement, body composition, and postpartum edema via using aroma therapy massage. The participants were the women who are living in Seoul city, and they were divided into two groups, which were the experimental group of ten mothers and the control group of eight mothers. The management program had been taken effect three times a week for a month, so twelve times of the obesity management program were implemented. The control group of eight mothers was under control with a dietary therapy and the excise therapy, while the experiment group of ten mothers was additionally managed with aromatherapy, including above-mentioned the exercise therapy and the dietary therapy. The aroma essential oils (fennel, juniper, and grape fruit) that are effective in a diet were blended in carrier oil (grape seed), and 30㎖ of this blending was used on abdomen and legs at a time. The excise therapy was composed of some stretches and daily exercise for abdominal obesity. The number and contents of these exercise was gone down in the exercise-notebook. Also, the participants of eighteen mothers were taught two times about diet therapy in order to have a well-balance diet and caloric-restriction diet. In addition, eating habits of eighteen participants were surveyed before and after the obesity mana- gement. After the experiment, the data are derived from detailed examinations of SPSS(Statistical Package for the Social Science) ver 12.0.

It may be summarized as follows.

First, the experimental group (dietary, excise, and massage therapy) and the control group (dietary and excise therapy) significantly showed 9.74cm and 4.05cm reduction around waist(p<0.001). Also, hip circumference was significantly decreased as the result of 3.45cm and 2.09cm respectively (p<0.01, p<0.001). WHR was significantly decreased in 0.07% and 0.02% respectively(p<0.01, p<0.001). The femoral region was decreased 2.16cm, 1.38cm respectively, and it represented significant difference statistically (p<0.01, p<0.001). The result of comparisons between the experimental group and the control group on the change of physical measurement showed that the experimental group statistically represented reduction in waist, WHR, femoral region with significant difference(p<0.05, p<0.001), but reduction of hip circumference between the experimental group and the control group did not show statistically significant difference.

Second, after the test, the experimental group and control group showed 3.47kg and 2.36kg reduction in weight, and BMI showed the decrease of 1.35kg/㎡ and 0.90kg/㎡ respectively. Body-fat-rate was significantly decreased as the result of 2.22% and 1.74% respectively(p<0.001), and body-water-rate was increased in 2.28% and 1.39% respectively(p<0.01, p<0.001). Lean-body-mass was increased in 0.13kg and 0.05kg, but it was not significant statistically. The result of comparisons between the experimental group and the control group on the change of body composition showed that the experimental group statistically represented reduction in weight and BMI with significant difference(p<0.05, p<0.01), but reduction of body-fat-rate, body-water-rate, and lean-body-mass between the experimental group and the control group did not show statistically significant difference.

Lastly, in the case of mothers' subjective figure of postpartum edema, the experimental group and control group, respectively, showed significant decrease from 6.11 to 3.00 and from 5.88 to 4.25 statistically(p<0.001). As compared with the control group conducted by diet and exercise therapy, the experimental group with additional massage therapy decreased significantly(p<0.05).

The result of this research indicates that additional aroma therapy massage is more effective in managing the postpartum obesity on the decrease of weight, waist measurement, the measurement of the femoral region, WHR, and BMI. It is concluded that aroma therapy massage is good for saving women delivered of a child from illness that is related to postpartum obesity, which could have a serious effect on mothers' figure and health, as well as losing weight just for women's external beauty after childbirth. Therefore, it is proposed that aroma therapy massage shall be used to treat postpartum obesity.