韓國 茶生活 敎育場 硏究 = '茶生活' 法人禮를 中心으로

Abstract

본 硏究는 法人體(社團, 財團)를 중심으로 茶生活 敎育場의 施設, 敎育環境과 敎育課程 別 敎育內容을 연구하여, 우리의 傳統 茶生活의 重要性을 認識하고, 보다 바람직한 茶生活 敎育을 誘導하고 活性化하여 茶生活의 擴散에 필요한 基礎資料를 提示하고자 함에 그 目的이 있다. 이를 위하여 茶生活 敎育의 變遷에 대해 알아보고, 近代와 現代 茶人을 중심으로 茶가 그들의 日常生活에 미친 영향을 살펴보고 그들의 茶生活 행적에 대해 조명하였다. 또 현재 法人體 茶生活 敎育場을 중심으로 施設 및 敎育環境과 敎育課程 및 敎育內容에 대한 事例調査를 하였다. 이상을 통하여 얻은 硏究結果는 다음과 같다. 硏究對象은 文化觀光部로부터 설립인가를 받은 10곳의 社團法人과 1곳의 財團法人 茶生活 敎育場이며, 이들 敎育場은 대체로 韓國의 傳統 茶文化를 硏究하여 올바른 茶文化의 補給 및 이를 통한 國民의 情緖純化와 社會安定에 기여함을 그 목적으로 하고 있다. 각 敎育場 茶生活 敎育課程은 基礎課程에서 硏究課程, 指導者課程, 指導者硏究課程 等과 어린이, 예비신부, 외국인을 위한 特別課程도 있었다. 茶生活 基礎課程은 6-24개월이었고, 段階別 課程은 1년 6개월-4년이었다. 段階別로 茶文化에 대한 전반적인 내용을 깊이 있고 다양하게 교육 될 수 있도록 行하고 있었다. 行茶禮法을 指導할 때 쓰이는 다기는 백자, 분청, 청자 등 다양하게 사용하였다. 茶器 選擇基準은 사용이 편리하여야 하고, 茶色을 살펴보기에 좋은 것을 택하는 것으로 나타났다. 각 敎育場 별로 정해진 行茶禮法이 있는 경우는 11곳 중 9곳이었고, 東茶頌文化會와 우리茶文化聯合會는 정해진 行茶禮法이 없었으며 行茶禮法에 대해서도 상황에 따라 변할 수 있다고 하였다. 茶生活敎育에 쓰이는 敎材는 자체적으로 만들어 사용하거나 각 敎育場에서 발행된 敎材를 이용하고 있었다. 敎育을 담당하는 指導者는 行茶禮法에 익숙하며, 이론에도 밝아야 하겠지만 人性을 고루 갖추어야 바른 指導者가 될 수 있다고 보았다. 현재의 茶生活指導者들은 대부분이 特別活動, 禮節館 교육을 통하여 學校敎育에 參與하고 있었으며, 茶生活과 禮節을 指導하고 있었다. 學校敎育에서 茶生活敎育의 必要性을 묻는 질문에 11곳 모두 그 필요성을 역설하였고, 幼稚圍 敎育에서부터의 茶生活敎育이 가장 바람직하다고 하였다. 學校敎育課程에 茶生活 敎育을 必須科目으로 指定하도록 하여 자라나는 어린이, 靑少年에게 情緖的 安定을 주는 敎育이 이루어질 것을 희망하고 있었다. 茶生活敎育의 大衆化와 함께 日常에서 茶를 生活化하기 위해서는 茶와 茶器의 價格이 저렴해져야 한다고 하였다. 茶生活이 擴大되려면 간편한 行茶禮法이 있어야 하며, 茶生活을 시작하는 사람들을 위한 指針書가 꼭 必要하다고 하였다. 현대를 사는 우리들에겐 先祖들의 얼이 담긴 傳統文化의 하나인 茶文化를 더욱 발전시켜 후손들에게 傳承시켜야 할 사명이 있다. 가정, 학교, 사회에서 傳統 茶를 通하여 마음을 순화시키고 禮節을 지킬 수 있도록 하여 우리 삶의 眞髓를 찾아내어 바른 價値觀을 세울 수 있도록 指導가 되어야 할 것으로 요망된다.|The goal of this study is to recognize the importance of our traditional tea life, lead and activate more desirable education of tea life, and expand the tea life, by studying the present situation of guidance place of tea life centering around corporation, the curriculum and the education contents. So as to attain this goal, this researcher examined the change course of tea culture, examined how tea which is one of traditional culture is close to daily life centering around the tea people of recent times and modern times, and illuminated the achievements of tea life of predecessors. This researcher studied the general environment of education place, the curriculum, and the education goal centering around the education place of tea life which was made into corporation now. As for the survey tool of this study, this researcher grasped the actual state of education plans of tea life, by extracting, correcting, and supplementing the questionnaire about the education and method of tea life through the study of kind of literature cited of the science of tea ceremony. To summarize the funding obtained through above course is as follows: Study subjects are 11 education places of tea life of corporation which was founded by the Ministry of Culture and Sight-seeing and which was obtained sanction, and the foundation goal of education place is to arrange right tea culture by studying the traditional tea culture of Korea and contribute toward the emotion purification of people and the society stability. At each education place, there were the stages of study course, teacher course, and leader course etc. in the course of introduction of tea life. Especially, there was the course for children, preliminary bride and foreigner. Generally, basic course was for 3-6 months, and the stage course was 1 year. As for the education contents through the curriculum to be suitable for stages, tea culture from whole education to deep and diverse education was being performed. Leaders to lead tea life should learn performing tea ceremony and the knowledge about traditional tea should be rich. But, well-rounded personality is required as the qualifications of leaders, above all. And, the reinforcement for the training of such leaders is necessary. As for the education facilities to be necessary for education, it emerged that cushion was being used as the education was being made centering around tea ceremony education through performing tea ceremony and that the teaching materials for lessons were being prepared for itself or lecturers were being prepared. In addition, it was equipped with basic education facilities such as video or slide photo etc. for the education about the reflection material to be based on education. Goal that education subjects receive education is to practise polite life with the method to perform tea ceremony that one may drink through traditional tea culture and to enjoy the beautiful leisure life, spread tea culture, so that tea life may be expanded, and receive the education for being the leader to be able to guide by the culture activity through tea. It is being made centering around the special activity or the education at etiquette hall in schools. It was the opinion of all the education places that tea ceremony education should be made from the kindergarten state which is the lowest stage of school education. For the activation of education of tea life, education institutions to be able to guide tea and etiquette professionally should appear, and the study of teaching material to be able to guide tea and etiquette should be made. Besides, education that generals participate positively should be made, as the price of tea and tea vessel becomes cheap. And, the publicity for this education is very important. Publicity and education through mass media for the settling of traditional tea culture as the culture that everybody may enjoy which is not the culture material for special people are important. In international culture exchange also, the positive support from government is necessary so as to inform the excellence of our traditional culture through tea and share it. In addition, it is considered that it is necessary to cope with import opening by the development of diverse teas. Moderns have the mission to have to hand down the tea culture which is one of traditional culture in which the spirit of ancestors is being included as our traditional spirit culture to posterity by developing it all the more. Schools or home and general society should guide one to establish right sense of value by finding out the essence of life from the inside of tradition of race through enabling one to purify mind and observe good manners through traditional tea. In consideration of this present situation, the importance of education of tea life on generals should be recognized, education should be made, so that right tea life may be made, and various efforts for activation will have to be performed at the same time.