자기애성향이 외모관리행동 및 대인관계에 미치는 영향

Abstract

현대인들은 자기중심적, 개인주의적 즉 자기애시대에 살며, 그 특징 중 하나인 자기과시에 나타나는 외모관리에 있어 많은 노력과 시간을 투자한다. 따라서 본 연구는 사회적 참여가 증가되고 있는 여성의 자기애성향이 외모관리행동 및 대인관계에 미치는 영향에 대해서 알아보고자 한다. 조사방법으로 설문지법을 사용하였고, 자기애성향은 자기의식적, 타인의식적의 2개 요인을 사용하였고, 외모관리행동은 체중관리, 헤어관리, 성형관리, 의복관리, 피부관리로 5개 요인을 사용하였으며, 대인관계는 소극적태도, 타인의태도, 자기희생, 과관여, 자기중심성의 5개 요인을 사용하였다. 인구통계학적 변인은 연령, 거주지, 결혼여부, 최종학력, 직업, 한 달 평균수입, 한 달 평균 외모관리비용을 사용하였다. 자료 수집은 2019년 10월 21일부터 2019년 11월 4일까지 서울, 경기, 지방에 거주하는 20〜50대 여성 345명이다. 통계처리는 SPSS 25.0을 이용하여 빈도분석(Frequency Analysis), 요인분석(Factor Analysis), 신뢰도분석(Reliability Analysis), 상관분석(Correlation Analysis), 일원분산분석(One-Way ANOVA), 다중회귀분석(Multiple regression Analysis)을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 일반적 특성을 보면, 연령은 30대, 지역은 경기, 최종학력은 대학교 졸업 이상의 비율이 높았으며, 결혼여부는 미혼여성, 직업은 학생, 월 평균 소득은 100만원 미만, 월 평균 외모관리지출비용은 10만원 미만이 미비한 차이로 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 전체 신뢰도 계수에 있어서 자기애성향은 0.798, 외모관리행동은 0.889, 대인관계는 0.922로 높은 신뢰도를 보였다. 셋째, 자기애성향, 외모관리행동, 대인관계와의 상관관계를 살펴본 결과, 자기애성향 중 자기의식적은 자기희생을 제외한 모든 요인과 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났고, 타인의식적은 헤어관리, 의복관리, 피부관리를 제외한 모든 요인들과 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 외모관리행동 중 체중관리, 성형관리는 소극적태도, 자기희생을 제외한 모든 요인들과 유의한 상관관계를 보였으며, 의복관리는 자기의식적, 소극적태도, 과관여에 유의하였고, 헤어관리, 피부관리는 타인의식적과 대인관계의 모든 요인에서 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 인구통계학적 변인에 따른 차이에서 자기애성향과 대인관계에서는 최종학력에만 차이가 나타나지 않았고 연령, 거주지역, 결혼여부, 직업, 월 평균 소득, 월 평균 외모관리비용에서 차이가 나타났으며, 외모관리행동은 모든 요인에서 차이가 나타났다. 다섯째, 자기애성향이 외모관리행동에 미치는 영향에서 자기의식적이 외모관리행동의 모든 요인에서 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 타인의식적은 외모관리행동 중 체중관리에만 유의미한 영향을 미친다고 나타났다. 여섯째, 자기애성향이 대인관계에 미치는 영향에서 자기의식적은 자기중심성을 제외한 소극적태도, 타인의태도, 자기희생, 과관여에 유의미한 결과를 보였고, 타인의식적에서는 대인관계의 모든 요인에서 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 일곱째, 외모관리행동이 대인관계에 미치는 영향에서 소극적태도와 자기희생에서는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났으며, 체중관리는 타인의태도, 자기중심성에만, 헤어관리는 과관여에서만 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 의복관리는 타인의태도에서만, 성형관리는 타인의태도, 과관여, 자기중심성에서 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보았을 때 20∼50대 여성은 자기애성향이 외모관리행동과 대인관계에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 자기애성향이 높을수록 외모관리행동 및 대인관계에 더 많은 영향을 미쳤으며 사회활동이 많아짐에 있어 대인관계가 활발해져 자신의 외모관리에 더 많은 노력과 관심을 나타내고 있는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 사회진출이 활발해진 20∼50대 여성의 자기애성향을 파악하여 외모관리행동 및 대인관계에 있어 영향 관계의 기초자료를 제시하고, 더 나아가 패션과 뷰티 산업에 기여하는 자료가 될 수 있기를 기대한다.|ABSTRACT

Effect of Narcissistic Tendency on the Appearance Management Behaviors and Interpersonal Relationships

Ji-Hyun Song Make-up Special Effect Make-up Major Graduate School of Convergence Beauty Sungshin Women's University

People in modern society live in a self-centered, individualistic, that is, narcissistic era. One of their characteristics is that they invest a lot of time and effort in appearance management. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of narcissistic tendency of women who have participated more on social activities on appearance management behaviors and interpersonal relationships. As a research method, a survey using a questionnaire was used. Narcissistic tendency consists of self-conscious factor and other-conscious factor. Appearance management behaviors consisted of five factors: weight management, hair management, cosmetic management, clothing management, and skin management. Interpersonal relationships consisted of five factors: passive attitude, attitudes of others, self-sacrifice, overinvolvement, and self-centeredness. The demographic variables used were age, place of residence, marital status, final education, occupation, average monthly income, and monthly average appearance management costs. Data was collected from October 21, 2019 to November 4, 2019, and survey respondents were 345 women in their 20s to 50s living in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and the province. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0, with Frequency Analysis, Factor Analysis, Reliability Analysis, Correlation Analysis, One-Way ANOVA, Multiple regression Analysis. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, as a result of examining demographic characteristics, the age was the most in 30s and the place of residence was the most frequent in Gyeonggi-do. Respondents' final education was high in university graduation. The percentage of single women was high, and the percentage of students was high. The average monthly income was less than 1 million won. The monthly average appearance management cost was the highest at less than 100,000 won. Second, in Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, narcissistic tendency was 0.798, appearance management behaviors was 0.889 and interpersonal relationships were 0.922, which showed high reliability. Third, as a result of examining the correlation between narcissistic tendency, appearance management behaviors, and interpersonal relationships, self-conscious factor among narcissistic tendency was significantly correlated with all factors except self-sacrifice. The other-conscious factor was found to have a significant correlation with all factors except hair management, clothing management and skin management. Among the appearance management behaviors, weight management and cosmetic management were significantly correlated with all factors except passive attitude and self-sacrifice. Clothing management had correlation with self-conscious factor, passive attitude and overinvolvement. Hair management and skin management were not significantly correlated with other-conscious factor and all other interpersonal relationships. Fourth, there were differences according to narcissistic tendency and interpersonal relationships in the age, place of residence, marital status, occupation, monthly average income, and monthly average appearance management, except for final education. There were difference according to appearance management behaviors in all demographic factors. Fifth, the effect of narcissistic tendency on appearance management behaviors showed that self-conscious factor had a significant effect on all factors of appearance management behaviors, and the other-conscious factor had only significant effect on weight management among appearance management behaviors. Sixth, in the influence of narcissistic tendency on interpersonal relationships, self-conscious factor showed significant results on passive attitude, attitude of others, self-sacrifice, and overinvolvement except self-centeredness, and other-conscious factor was significant on all factors of interpersonal relationships. Seventh, passive attitude and self-sacrifice were not significant in the influence of appearance management behaviors on interpersonal relationships. Weight management had a significant effect on attitude of others and self-centeredness. Hair management had a significant effect only on overinvolvement. Clothing management had a significant influence only on the attitudes of others. cosmetic management had a significant effect on the attitude, overinvolvement and self-centeredness of others. As concluding the above findings, narcissistic tendency of women in their 20s to 50s influenced on appearance management behaviors and interpersonal relationships. The higher the narcissistic tendency, the more influence on appearance management behaviors and interpersonal relationships. As women increase their social activities, their interpersonal relationships become more active, leading to more effort and interest in their appearance management. Therefore, by identifying the narcissistic tendency of women in their 20s to 50s who are actively entering the society, it is expected that this study can present the basic data of influence relations in appearance management behaviors and interpersonal relationships, and hopefully contribute to the fashion and beauty industries.