모방과 반영 기법을 적용한 즉흥연주 중심의 음악치료가 자폐아동의 상동행동에 미치는 영향
- Alternative Title
- The Effects of Music Therapy Based on an Improvisation Program Using Imitation and Reflection Techniques on the Stereotyped Behavior of Autistic Children.
- Abstract
- 본 연구는 모방과 반영 기법을 적용한 즉흥연주 중심의 음악치료가 자폐 아동의 상동행동 감소에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 연구 대상은 경기도 수원시에 소재한 S장애인종합복지관에서 음악치료 대기 중인 만 11세~13세 사이의 자폐아동 3명으로, 이들은 아동기 자폐증 평정척도(Childhood Autism Rating Scale: CARS)와 사회 성숙도 검사(Social Maturity Scale: SMS)에서 중증 자폐에 해당되며, 사회연령(Social Age: SA)과 사회지수(Social Quotient: SQ)에서 비슷한 수준을 보인다.
연구 설계는 단일대상 반복측정 설계(single-subject repeated-measures design)로, 음악치료는 ABA 형식으로 구성하여 총 20회기에 걸쳐 실시 되었다. 사전 기초선에서는 구조적인 악기 연주 활동을 4회기 실시하였고, 치료적 음악중재 기간에서는 비지시적인 모방과 반영 기법을 적용한 즉흥 연주 활동을 12회기 실시하였다. 사후 기초선에서는 앞서 실시한 사전 기초선 활동을 반복하여 4회기 실시하였다.
연구 결과, 치료적 음악중재 기간에서 아동1의 두드리기 상동행동, 아동2의 입 문지르기 상동행동 및 아동3의 손 흔들기 상동행동은 사전 기초선에 비해 각각 60%, 29%, 70% 감소하였다. 이후 사후 기초선에서 상동행동은 치료적 음악중재 기간에 비해 다시 증가되었으나, 사전 기초선에 비해서는 각각 28%, 19%, 41% 감소하였다.
본 연구를 통해 자폐아동은 구조적인 악기 연주 활동보다 비지시적인 모방과 반영 기법을 적용한 즉흥연주 활동일 때 상동행동 빈도가 유의미 하게 감소됨이 증명되었다.
|This study examined the effects of music therapy based on an improvisation program using imitation and reflection techniques on the stereotyped behavior of 3 severely autistic children aged 11 to 13 as measured by the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and the Social Maturity Scale (SMS). All three are similar in Social Age (SA) and Social Quotient (SQ) and received music therapy in S Welfare Center for the Disabled in Suwon, Korea.
This study was designed using the single-subject repeated-measures design method and was an ABA type program which operated 20 sessions in total. In the pre-baseline phase, the children played musical instruments for 4 sessions. In the therapeutic musical intervention period, a non-directed improvisation program which applied imitation and reflection techniques was conducted 12 times. In the post-baseline phase, the pre-baseline activity was repeated for 4 sessions.
As a result, the stereotyped behavior of each child (child 1: rapping, child 2: rubbing the mouth, and child 3: hand flapping) during the therapeutic musical intervention period was reduced 60%, 29%, and 70% respectively compared to the pre-baseline phase. In the post-baseline phase, the stereotyped behavior of each child increased compared to the therapeutic musical intervention period, although compared to the pre-baseline it was reduced 28%, 19%, and 41% respectively.
This study proves that the stereotyped behavior of autistic children can be reduced significantly more by a non-directed improvisation program which applies imitation and reflection techniques than by solely playing instruments.
- Author(s)
- 이은혜
- Issued Date
- 2011
- Awarded Date
- 2011-08
- Type
- Dissertation
- URI
- https://repository.sungshin.ac.kr/handle/2025.oak/3318
http://dcollection.sungshin.ac.kr/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000006834
- Alternative Author(s)
- Lee, Eun Hye
- Affiliation
- 성신여자대학교 일반대학원
- Department
- 일반대학원 음악치료학과
- Advisor
- 강경선
- Table Of Contents
- 논문개요
Ⅰ. 서 론···················································· 1
1. 연구의 필요성···································· ············1
2. 연구 가설·························································5
3. 용어의 정의·····················································6
Ⅱ. 이론적 배경·······················································8
1. 자폐아동의 특성··············································8
1) 자폐성 장애의 개념과 특징························8
2) 자폐아동과 상동행동··································11
3) 자폐아동의 상동행동 중재방법·················12
2. 자폐아동과 음악치료··································· 16
1) 자폐아동과 음악··········································16
2) 상동행동 감소를 위한 음악치료················17
3. 모방과 반영 기법············································20
1) 클라이언트 중심 음악치료·························20
2) 즉흥연주: 모방과 반영 기법······················22
Ⅲ. 연구 방법 및 절차···········································25
1. 연구 대상·························································25
1) 각 대상자의 행동 특성·······························26
2. 측정 도구······················································· 28
1) 아동기 자폐증 평정척도····························28
2) 사회 성숙도 검사········································28
3) 상동행동 관찰··············································29
4) 관찰자간 신뢰도··········································29
3. 연구 설계·························································31
4. 연구 방법 및 절차···········································32
1) 프로그램의 절차···········································32
2) 모방과 반영 기법을 적용한 즉흥연주 중심 음악치료·······34
5. 자료 분석··························································39
Ⅳ. 연구 결과···························································40
1. 자폐아동의 상동행동 변화······························40
1) 아동1의 상동행동 변화··································42
2) 아동2의 상동행동 변화··································44
3) 아동3의 상동행동 변화··································46
Ⅴ. 논의······································································48
Ⅵ. 결론 및 제언·······················································50
참고문헌····································································52
ABSTRACT······························································57
부록············································································59
- Degree
- Master
- Publisher
- 성신여자대학교 일반대학원
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