드뷔시의 <첼로와 피아노를 위한 소나타 d단조> 분석 연구: 루터의 성가 <내 주는 강한 성이요>와의 연관성을 중심으로

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Research and Analysis on Debussy’s <Sonata for cello and piano in d minor>: mainly in relation with Luther’s hymn ‘Ein’ feste Burg’

Shin, Mi Na Department of Collaborative Piano Graduate School Sungshin Women’s University

This paper is a study on Claude Achille Debussy(1862-1918), a representative French Impressionist composer’s <Sonata for cello and piano in d minor> in relation with Martin Luther’s (1483-1546) hymn, <Ein’ feste Burg> on the basis of its historical background. Debussy was a steppingstone from Romantic music to Contemporary music. He moved away from traditional form or chord to add or omit notes to use added not chords or discords. Moreover, by using diatonic scale, chromatic scale, church modes Debussy freely expressed the feelings and images through music rather than articulate expressions. In 1915 due to World War I France become hostile to Germany and to revive the classics in France Debussy engaged in creating music. Debussy planned to write <Six Sonatas for Diverse Instruments>, he completed three songs and the first to be composed was <Sonata for cello and piano in d minor>. In this sonata Debussy used German priest, Martin Luther’s hymn, <Ein’ feste Burg> and the French national anthem <La Marseillaise>. He divided and varied the subject melody of <Ein’ feste Burg> and added or omitted notes to the melody to symbolize Germany. Furthermore by deriving the subject melody of the French national anthem, Debussy abstractly expressed the antagonistic relationship of Germany and France. This abstract expression using the hymn’s subject melody represented Germany’s temporary victory and defeat while <La Marseillaise> and the composition of the Sonata d minor meant the victory of France. This shows that <Sonata for cello and piano in d minor> was composed of Debussy’s patriotism for his country France.