내집단으로부터의 사회적 배제가 아동의 친사회적 행동에 미치는 영향
- Alternative Title
- The effects of ingroup exclusion on children’s prosocial behavior
- Abstract
- 본 연구는 만 6세 아동들(N = 60)이 내집단으로부터의 사회적 배제에 대해
어떠한 도덕적 평가를 하는지, 그리고 내집단 배제가 아동의 내 외집단 구
성원에 대한 친사회성과 선호에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고자 하였
다. 이를 위해 최소 집단 과제(minimal group paradigm)를 사용하여 아동들을
최소 집단에 할당하고, 사이버볼 과제(Cyberball paradigm)를 통해 내집단 구성
원과 상호작용을 경험하도록 하였다. 사이버볼 과제에서 아동들은 조건에 따라
내집단으로부터 배제(배제 조건)되거나 포함(포함 조건)되었다. 만 6세 아동들은
자신을 포함한 내집단 구성원보다 자신을 배제한 내집단 구성원을 더 부정적으
로 평가하였다. 또한, 스티커 나눔 과제에서 수혜자가 외집단인 경우, 배제를
경험한 아동들은 포함을 경험한 아동들에 비하여 자원을 덜 나누어줌으로
써 더 낮은 친사회성을 보였다. 한편, 수혜자가 내집단인 경우, 배제와 포
함을 경험한 아동들은 자원을 공유하는 정도에 있어 차이를 보이지 않았
다. 마지막으로, 배제 및 포함 조건의 아동들은 모두 자신과 이전에 함께 사이
버볼을 수행한 내집단 구성원을 외집단 구성원보다 더 선호하였다. 이러한 결과
는 아동들이 자신을 상호작용에서 배제한 내집단 구성원을 부정적으로 평가하
지만, 자신을 배제한 내집단 구성원에 대한 친사회성과 선호는 유지한다는 것을
보여준다.|The current experiment investigated 6-year olds’ sociomoral evaluations of
ingroup exclusion and how ingroup exclusion affects their prosocial behavior
and preference toward ingroup vs. outgroup member (N = 60). Children were
assigned to minimal groups using minimal group paradigm (Tajfel et al.,
1971) and participated in a Cyberball paradigm (Williams et al., 2000) with
their ingroup members. During the Cyberball, children experienced either
ingroup exclusion (exclusion condition) or ingroup inclusion (inclusion
condition). Children in the exclusion condition evaluated ingroup members
more negatively than those in the inclusion condition. In a sharing task,
children in the exclusion condition shared less resources with the outgroup
member than those in the inclusion condition. In contrast, children in both
conditions did not show a significant difference in their sharing with the
ingroup member. In the preference task, children were asked who they would
prefer between the ingroup member vs. the outgroup member. Children in
- 66 -
both conditions preferred the ingroup to the outgroup member. These results
suggest that children can evaluate ingroup members who excluded them as
negative, yet they maintain selective prosociality and preference toward them.
- Author(s)
- 박주향
- Issued Date
- 2022
- Awarded Date
- 2022-02
- Type
- Dissertation
- URI
- https://repository.sungshin.ac.kr/handle/2025.oak/2714
http://dcollection.sungshin.ac.kr/common/orgView/000000014372
- Alternative Author(s)
- Joo-hyang Park
- Affiliation
- 성신여자대학교 일반대학원
- Department
- 일반대학원 심리학과
- Advisor
- 진경선
- Table Of Contents
- 논문 개요
I. 서론 ··································································1
1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적····························································1
II. 이론적 배경························································6
1. 사회적 배제··································································6
2. 사회적 배제와 성인의 친사회적 행동··········································9
3. 사회적 배제에 대한 아동의 반응··············································11
4. 아동의 친사회적 행동과 내집단 선호··········································14
III. 연구 문제 및 가설················································17
IV. 연구 방법·························································19
1. 연구 대상·······································································19
2. 연구 자극 및 절차································································19
3. 결과·································································30
V. 논의································································36
1. 연구결과에 대한 논의····························································36
2. 제한점 및 후속 연구를 위한 제언··············································42
참 고 문 헌
ABSTRACT
- Degree
- Master
- Publisher
- 성신여자대학교 일반대학원
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