退溪의 敎育思想 硏究

Abstract

이 논문은 퇴계는 과연 어떤 인간을 교육적 인간상으로 설정하였는가, 그리고 그런 교육적인 인간상을 기르기 위해서는 어떤 교학의 원리가 적용되어야 한다고 보았는가를 밝히고, 퇴계가 실천을 통해 보여준 교사상을 알아보며, 그것들이 갖는 현대적 의의를 살피는데 연구의 목적이 있다.

The purpose of this study is to examine the meaning of educational thoughts on Toegye, Lee Hwang(1501~1570). the most distinguished Neo-Confucian in Chosun Dynasty. In executing the study, I inquired into the following contents-the speculation on Toegye's life and philosophical standpoints, the meaning of educated person, the principle of teaching and learning, ideal teacher's figure, and modern meanings of his educational thoughts. This study presented the following points scrutinized in the educational philosophy on Toegye, viewed from the standpoint of its modernization, (1) The educated person means self-regulating moral man who puts the highest sincerity and love into practice, He realizes and practices in the true mind and value of markind. The supreme man can be educated by self-denial and moral idealism. (2) To be a ideal man, individual should be prudent in conduct and in mental attitude by cultivating his mind and reverencing other persons. It can be completed from internal and external self-control, concentration and openness of mind, self-awakening and constant endeavor, and harmony of consistency and diversity. (3) It should be emphasized to the harmony of scientific persuit and moral practice. By advancing knowledge and practice together, individual can achieve the improvement of learning and morality from internalization. (4) The teacher and the learned man have to get the attitude for learning which is opened, humble, and constant inquiry. Especially, the character of ideal teacher involves the specific quality of faithfulness, sincerity, humbleness, politeness, mildness, diligence, and honesty. (5) Depending on the degree of endeavor, all mankind can reach to the level of ideal man. Education is a process which awakes the student to the value of sincerity and love.