『서유기(西遊記)』 『김병매사화(金甁梅詞話)』 중 방향 전치사 소고(小考)

Abstract

This paper focus on the direction-Preposition in Ming-dynasty jinpingmei and xiyouji. There are 打, 打從, 從, 朝, 朝着, 照, 照着, 向, 往, 望etc in the two text. ``向, 往, 從`` out of the lot have grown from ancient times through untold ages, ``打, 打從, 朝, 朝着, 照, 照着, 望`` newly come into being existence in the old mandarin. ``打, 打從, 朝着, 照着, 望`` only have dialect component or have their own self life until the present mandarin. Preposition turn into grammaticalization from verb. First, the words that express any place after verb are its first appearance as object(V1 + Np). Secondly another verbs that begin its existence after verb phrase form a interlocking sentence (V1 + Np1 + V2 + (Np2)). Finally, that structure become a preposition through grammaticalization with reanalyzing as modification structure. Moreover, ``往`` ``向`` doubles as using adverbial, as preposition phrase, not move after verb, but verb ``往`` use as a interlocking verb and then turn into grammaticalization at that position. Direction preposition turn into grammaticalization from the meaning of ``look(望, 照)`` ``go (往, 向, 從)`` and ``face(朝, 打)``. Therefore, having the same meaning, ``從`` ``向`` cross use each other in the old mandarin. ``往`` gradually are presumed to combine with the usage of Preposition.