아프리카대륙에 위치한 프랑코포니 지역연구 1-모리타니, 세네갈, 코트디부아르를 중심으로

Abstract

The study of Francophone means to understand the interdisciplinary framework for the history, literature, and culture of France and the Francophone world where French is an important communication tool like Africa, including Mauritania, Senegal, Ivory Coast. In the 15th century, geographical discovery has brought the hidden continent Africa into the part of human history. Since then, Africa has been incorporated into economically and politically unstable region. To meet the need of raw materials for European conquerors, the continent invited war, famine, dictatorship, corruption, and HIV/AIDS, reminding us of "crisis of the continent." Strong motivations for conquest of Africa were at play. Asking knowledge of Africa increased. France, Portugal, and England, the colonies of Western powers, set up a variety of different administrations in Africa with different ambitions and degrees of power. Africa has been enslaved in the fast track. France planned to incorporate her colonies into the French state as almost equal to the European provinces in 19th century, unlike the British empire which had a bad reputation for discriminative treatment of colonies and its people. In this study, firstly we are going to find the French colonial policies and strategies in Africa, in order to understand its social and cultural impact on Africa. For this purpose, we have studied the Maghreb, Mauritania, Senegal, Ivory Coast, where the important offices for the colonial expansion of France lied. In addition, we try to discuss the political, historical, cultural, economical background of the three countries. With this as the typical backdrop for understanding the real situation of the three countries will be claimed. France has historically made huge profits in many perspectives from the former French colonies and has used the Francophone world as a diplomatic and poetic unity in the use of French language. Truth be told, the African policy of France had declined to be exclusive and continuous racism. It could explain that the personal relationship between the ruling elite of France and Africa was conducted in the need of bilateral interests which contained economic political, and strategical priorities. We can easily look at the globalization phenomena under the arguments of economic imbalances: French occupation over Africa propelled Africa to the poorest countries in the world. So Africa can not be completely independent in the colonial economy and also the colonial economical independence is asymmetrical. In addition, many leaders demanded the political asylum for the French government, and also the French government spent huge budget of the "state of interest for individual." they invented their own achievements, ending finally a huge countries` loss. So we can assume that "Africa is made, but Africa is not found. Mauritania, Senegal, Ivory Coast, three countries have huge natural resources. Therefore, they are still very low level of industrial independence, because of the economic structure based on the Western powers and France, they are in a very vulnerable state. Therefore, we will find the solution to help out to ease the difficult economy and the politics in many countries also in Africa as well. We understand that this solution only belongs to Francophone countries. So, we must have a responsibility among the Francophone countries and investment in education in Africa. Furthermore for the sustainability of the community of culture, language, economics, politics of French, it is absolutely necessary to have mutual efforts. In the 21st century, we will try to break down the myth and incorrect stereotypes about Africa. We must have more mutual respects, appreciation of different cultures and a fair assessment that the compassion of poverty and poverty in Africa.